Mutual Aid

Is 'LODD' the right term for a firefighter fatality?

 

There are some people out there who truly love words, who can turn a phrase in a way that elevates their meaning. As a writer, I’ve known some wickedly serious wordsmiths who demand constant surveillance of my language — and I enjoy the challenge.

But sometimes the mere suggestion that a differently named rose wouldn't smell as sweet can turn opinion sour.

Burton Clark, my friend and wordsmith extraordinaire, recently wrote a blog about words that relate to firefighters’ deaths. In it, he compared to the military's use of “killed in action” to the fire service's use of “line-of-duty death." Clark believes the fire service should stop referring to firefighter deaths as LODDs, and instead should call them “occupational fatalities.” Part of his argument is that "line-of-duty death" implies in some way an inevitable, whereas an "occupation fatality" is preventable. I could see his logic.

Clark believes using "LODD" for all firefighter deaths is a misnomer, as the term covers not only fireground deaths but heart attacks or other stress-related diseases that contribute to a firefighter's death. Firefighters killed in collapse, accidents or other unpreventable actions should be classified as "line-of-duty deaths." Those firefighters were killed in action. But the military makes the distinction between someone who died on the battlefield (KIA) and someone who made it to treatment (died of wounds, or DOW). Should the fire service have a distinction between fireground deaths and all others? 

Unfortunately, Clark’s idea struck an unpopular chord, based on the comments the blog received.  But what some failed to realize is that Clark wasn't disparaging the individuals — he was questioning the semantics.

Clark's comparison to the military isn't an apples-to-apples one; firefighters and soldiers have drastically different missions. But the idea of a fatality distinction has merit. Last year, nine firefighters died in motor vehicle accidents because they were not wearing seatbelts. Is it fair to compare those deaths to that of a firefighter who falls through a floor or dies while trying to rescue someone? I wonder.  

If you say no distinction is warranted, shouldn't cancer deaths be classified as LODDs? 

Emphysema can certainly be attributed to firefighting in retired firefighters. While cancer is not at this time preventable, wearing a seatbelt is a preventative action.

Is it time to change the terminology of firefighter deaths? Like Clark, I’m just asking the question.

 

Discuss this Blog Entry 13

Ron Paubel (not verified)
on Feb 7, 2013

Please STOP trying to change everything. LODD tells it like is is, semantics or not!

staubj
on Feb 7, 2013

I believe LODD is entirely appropriate. While perhaps a brother or sister firefighter may die off duty of a heart attack, a determination is made regarding whether the death is duty related. Similarly, the Air Force (not sure of the other services) makes a Line of Duty Determination regarding benefits when an active duty member dies. If a member of the fire service dies and there is a direct correlation to the job, I believe identifying the death as an LODD is entirely appropriate. Just my $0.02 worth.

Chief W (not verified)
on Feb 7, 2013

Clark is definitely wrong on this one. He seems to have forgotten that firefighters are members of an honorable paramilitary profession with a long history of public service and sacrifice. While many line-of-duty deaths are preventable, and that situation definitely needs to improve, we need to continue to honor the firefighters who lose their lives in the line of duty. Calling a firefighter death an "occupational fatality" is not only demeaning, it is disrespectful, and not an appropriate way to honor those who served and made the ultimate sacrifice. This is one suggestion that needs to be quickly forgotten.

Blackbear44
on Feb 7, 2013

Long overdue discussion and change; we (fire service) don't seem to confront the preventable death(s) issue when it carries the misnomer LODD.

Mark Klaene (not verified)
on Feb 7, 2013

To me , "Line of Duty" does not at all imply it is inevitable. Instead it states very plainly that it was as a result of a duty or service to the public. It is because firefighting like law enforcement isn't just a job , it is a commitment, a dedication to public safety that we choose to do, not that we have to do. And it does involve a sense of risk and danger that may not be present in other "occupations". That risk is always there, it is understood and accepted by those that do it and that coupled with the fact that" if you call we will come " makes it a duty to the innocent victims. Like a Cop the danger is always there. From the moment you put on the uniform. Wether you are assigned to the end of the nozzle, roof ventilation, or simply reloading hose makes no difference how and why you died. It is still a LODD because that was your assignment at that moment.

Frankly the military does a huge dis-service to it's personnel by distinguishing KIA and DOW. And yes cancer , proven to be solely caused by fire fighting should be a LODD.

As far as preventable versus non-preventable LODD's . I would have a hard time accepting that no LODD is preventable. It may require PPE not yet invented, It may require a change in tactics that basically makes us observers but they could all be prevented. We just likely would not be a very effective fire department until such time as we start using remote controlled robots for the hazardous jobs and are wiling to accept more dollar and civilian loses.

Should someone that is killed because they blatantly with knowledge and foresight violated reasonable and prudent policy or laws be consider a LODD ? That is another issue entirely

Burton Clark (not verified)
on Feb 8, 2013

Janet,
Thanks for helping to clarify my thoughts about the words LODD. Words are powerful they drive our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
When there is a firefighter occupational injury or death something went wrong - being killed and injured is not part of the job. Until society and the fire service intellectually and emotionally accept this premise we will continue to experience these tragic losses. We are not killing firefighters in any new ways. We must perform at the 200% proficiency level (every task 100% correct – 100% of the time) our life and the lives of the public depend it and our families deserve no less.
I hope the fire service and those who love us have the courage to continue this difficult conversation; it may help insure Everyone Goes Home.
Your friend,
Burt

RobertAvsec57
on Feb 8, 2013

I've read Dr. Clark's piece and the scathing comments that some folks--particularly surviving family members and colleagues of fallen firefighters--have posted in response to his work. I've learned in my fire service career that "emotion trumps logic, and logic never trumps emotion." The loss of a firefighter is a very tragic and emotional event for the family, friends and colleagues, and the community.

I agree that it's a case of semantics and words are very powerful. But I think that if we are to get better at taking care of our firefighters and stopping preventable injuries and deaths, we must find the means to move beyond the emotion of the issue and address the facts.

Despite what his critics may say, Dr. Clark has been outspoken and unwavering in his belief that firefighter deaths and injuries can be largely prevented through behavior changes and changes to the fire service culture, a culture that in too many departments "embraces" line-of-duty deaths as a "cost of doing business."

To say that Dr. Clark "doesn't know what he's talking about" or "hasn't been there" or "has no feelings" is in my opinion a gross mischaracterization of one of the "giants" in our profession. Firefighter "Mayday" policies and practices and training? Mandatory seatbelt usage when the vehicle is in motion? Both issues for which Dr. Clark was one of the first and most ardent proponents. We'll never know how many fewer fire service widows and widowers there are today because of his unyielding commitment to the two preventable causes of firefighter injury or death.

Just as those who would deny the existence of human driven climate change on our planet, so too there are deniers when it comes to the role of culture and individual human behavior in firefighter injuries and deaths. If we are to continue our efforts at making our profession better, one of the things we must realize is that it is a job--whether you get paid to do it or you volunteer your time to serve--and we must approach improving job safety like every other occupation in the United States.

I agree wholeheartedly with Dr. Clark that an important first step is to get our collection of statistical data in order, particularly regarding preventable and non-preventable firefighter injuries and deaths. So put me down as one who supports the idea that we need new terminology that clearly deliniates between the two.

Curtis Williams (not verified)
on Feb 19, 2013

Right-on, Bro Bob...well stated.

Ray McCormack (not verified)
on Feb 8, 2013

Dear Janet Wilmoth

While a love of words and turning a phrase is something I also enjoy, I 'm not so sure Burton Clark's blog was mere semantics. He states that LODD Line of Duty Death should be restricted to only certain types of deaths within the fire service. The other deaths should just be referenced under " occupational fatality." I ask why is this change in categorization necessary? Apparently, only "unpreventable actions and accidents" would qualify for LODD.  Using this reshuffle, the annual number of LODDs would drop drastically. Is this what it's all about-  that pesky LODD number which has dropped, but not fast enough?  So if we agree to his idea, then we can go around saying how much better we are at preventing LODDs.  You state " Unfortunately, Clark's idea struck an unpopular chord." You bet it did, especially with LODD widows. Janet, people didn't miss a thing and stating that you, like him, are just asking a question is not exactly true, especially with your tacit endorsement of the idea.

Tom Tharp (not verified)
on Feb 8, 2013

I was under the impression the acronym "LODD" was created to distinguish between those deaths with met the PSOB criteria for benefit payments to survivors as opposed to those that did not. Over time the criteria for payment has been expanded to cover more situations than were originally payed.

T Kobes (not verified)
on Feb 20, 2013

LODD needs to be redefined. Just because someone passes while clocked in, in their sleep, in a fire station somewhere, doesn't make it a LODD. They died while on duty, maybe not as a result of duty. If you think that it should be a LODD, than every volunteer firefighter that dies is a LODD!

MJAFFA
on Feb 26, 2013

I think Mr. Clark and Ms. Wilmoth have the right idea. To consider someone who was ejected through a windshield while returning home from a call while CHOSING to not wear a seatbelt, or someone who dies of a heart attack 24 hours after responding to a call because they CHOSE to smoke, eat bad food and no exercise a LODD is nuts. The distinction should be LODD = a NONPRVENTABLE death which occurred while DIRECTLY PROVIDING SERVICE and an ODD (On Duty Death) = a preventable death which occured while and individual was on duty. We will never change the Safety Culture of the fire service until we no longer "honor" those individuals who die preventable deaths becuase the CHOSE to. Honor those who gave the ultimate sacrifice while performing honorably, not those who CHOSE to take unacceptable risk.

Demond Simmons (not verified)
on Mar 11, 2013

I agree with the commentary by Dr. Clark. It is incumbent on company officers and firefighters to play their roles in ensuring that we go home to our family and friends at the end of our shift.

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Janet Wilmoth

Janet Wilmoth grew up in a family of firefighters in a Chicago suburb. She first worked for FIRE CHIEF magazine in 1986 as an associate editor and also served as FIRE CHIEF's international...

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Mary Rose Roberts is a senior editor at Penton Media, with a focus on wireless technology, public safety and fire leadership for FIRE CHIEF, Urgent Communications and Wildfire magazines. She also...
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