Mutual Aid

Growing threat of fire in the wildland-urban interface requires new thinking (with related video)

 

By Gary New

Having been involved in the fire service in one capacity or another for more than 35 years, it seems it is time for some new thinking in regard to the wildland-urban interface and the effects of these massive fires — which are occurring in ever-increasing numbers each year due to drought conditions and other factors. There is structural firefighting and there is wildland firefighting, and their paths are crossing with greater frequency. The two do not interface as well as they should, mostly because the equipment they use is very different. 

There are four main tactical approaches to wildland fighting:

  • Ground Troops
  • Truck Platforms (engines and tenders)
  • Air tankers (planes)
  • Helicopters

The last two suspend operations when the wind speed is high which is when the fire is at its most intense. As one of the most innovative countries on the planet, we can do better. 

What I am referring to specifically is some type of all-terrain track-driven platform: a battle tank. With the theaters of war winding down, we must have hundreds if not thousands of these machines sitting in inventories  that could be retrofitted for this purpose. Such vehicles could go anywhere, pump fire suppression products in any direction, get out of trouble as quickly as it can get into it.

FIRE CHIEF published an article about a similar idea in Germany in 2008. (See related video below.) The USFS also attempted a similar idea using an A-1 tank platform, mounting a large water tank atop the battle tank chassis and put a nozzle on one end of the tank. But the idea died quickly because of wear on the track pads. This is not surprising as the entire tank needed to turn in order to direct the nozzle.

What's needed is a platform that can maneuver and pump 360°, very much the same as the battle version.The battle version uses heavy gauge steel as armament to protect it from assault, surely if we can send a shuttle into outer space and back we can we can reduce the steel, replace it with a lighter-weight material and maintain the strength and agility of this platform. R&D costs and the logistics of transporting these machines I am told are the reasons manufacturers do not pursue this idea. 

My questions are these;

  • How much are these very large and destructive fires costing us in lives and property damage? 
  • What is the cost of healthcare issues; specifically respiratory to people exposed to the thick smoke over large portions of the country? 
  • Why are we putting all the money in aircraft when they cannot fly when the wind speed is prohibitive and the fire is raging?
  • What about when the roads into these fires are blocked with abandoned vehicles?
  • With the defense contractors facing large cuts; why can’t they re-purpose some of these platforms creating jobs in the process?

The wildland-urban interface is not going to get smaller; if anything it is going to grow exponentially. We need to invest in new ideas and new equipment that will increase the arsenal of weapons to fight this threat. Certainly, it does not make sense for every agency to have one of these. My thoughts are these could be built and staged in strike teams in strategic parts of the country and deployed by truck. We would then need to discuss what agency these units would fall under.   

Gary New grew up in the mountains west of Denver, where he began his fire service and continued it in a suburb of Denver until his retirement.  He is a Master Electrician in Colorado and Wyoming and has a background in general construction, heavy equipment, facilities management, firefighting/EMS, and fire investigations. 

Discuss this Blog Entry 4

FRERSON (not verified)
on Jan 8, 2013

Armoured tracked vehicules on wildfire or bushfire suppression is not a theorical but an operational solution.
French Corsica fire department use this model since 2 years ago in Corsica and have started this study in 2006 in european project.
We already done it with a M113 (M113 is an US armoured troup transporter) in Corsica, southern FRANCE where Mediterranean climate conditions are ideal to test this tool in real situation. Now,
we have one module ready to go, with 2 armoured tracked vehicles. We use it on real operation on wildfire suppression southern FRANCE and in catastrophic climatic situations as floods, earthquake and storm. It’ a very efficient new solution and cheap economic model.
We choice a M113 conception, because this vehicle offers a very good maniability and is ok to drive on regulary roads. (M1, M1A1 or A2 or AMX10P, AMX30, MARDER are too heavy to move in real conditions and in mediterranean areas.
Welcome to test this solution together and build an international partnership with australia and USA if you are interested.
http://www.atrisc.com : crisis management
http://atrisc.jimdo.com/atrisc-innovation/
http://atrisc.jimdo.com/atrisc-innovation/ing%C3%A9nierie-des-risques/
Or
http://www.sdis2b.fr
Corsica Fire département : international wildfire experts
Movie on you tube
http://youtu.be/SvPYi2ZWUl4

Anonymous (not verified)
on Jan 11, 2013

The Russians also offer their BMP (Infantry Fighting Vehicle) in a firefighting version...not sure if it has been adopted domestically or sold to any international customers....

durangowright
on Feb 14, 2013

The default solution of the fire service is always equipment. There is no doubt that adequate equipment for the task is necessary for the best results. However, the emphasis on equipment should not overshadow the need for qualified, well-trained personnel. It is a fact that fire departments across the nation are becoming more involved in wildland fires for reasons stated in this article. Last year Colorado lost over 600 structures to wildland fires. The Waldo Canyon fire alone burned 18,247 acres, caused the evacuation of 32,000 residents, and destroyed approximately 346 homes. The fire burned 3 to 4 blocks deep into some subdivisions. Some homes destroyed where not located in the urban interface but on suburban streets, with hydrants and payment.
The focus of fire departments towards wildland fire needs to change from a peripheral threat to a focused examination and discussion on what can be done to protect the public and their homes. Only through coordination efforts with home owners, insurance companies, fire departments, and other local resources will homes and lives be saved. Fire mitigation is an imperative part of the solution.
Fire departments that acknowledge the threat posed from wildland fire and institute a wildland fire/fuel mitigation program will see greater results than those that simply purchase a piece of equipment.

garyn (not verified)
on Mar 5, 2013

I agree with your position that it needs a more holistic approach taking in many factors as an overall strategy. The thinking behind the equipment is that we need more weapons in the arsenal to fight these fires with. Waldo Canyon is a perfect example, when you have streets with hydrants with that many structures on fire, the demand on the fire mains becomes a factor. I agree equipment should not be the only focus, but the right weapon in the fight can make a huge difference as well.

Please or Register to post comments.

What's Mutual Aid?

Mutual Aid is a blog of news and views from FIRE CHIEF staff and industry experts -- a virtual conversation about the issues important to you.

Contributors

Janet Wilmoth

Janet Wilmoth grew up in a family of firefighters in a Chicago suburb. She first worked for FIRE CHIEF magazine in 1986 as an associate editor and also served as FIRE CHIEF's international...

Mary Rose Roberts

Mary Rose Roberts is a senior editor at Penton Media, with a focus on wireless technology, public safety and fire leadership for FIRE CHIEF, Urgent Communications and Wildfire magazines. She also...
Blog Archive